Swedish data center tracker

This page tracks publicly reported data center projects in Sweden. The dataset is being developed for an upcoming research article estimating the impact of data center load additions on electricity prices in Swedish bidding zones. Sweden is one of the fastest expanding markets in the world for data centers, in large part because it offers renewable electricity and a favourable climate for cooling. Given broader public interest in this ongoing development, I’m sharing the dataset here as a public resource. Note that all entries are interpretations based on news reports and press releases. The dataset and methodology is under development.

Capacity phases and reported capacity entries can be expanded under each project. Assumptions are stated below.

Scenario map

The map below shows calculated additional grid load from data-centre projects across Swedish bidding zones under four deployment scenarios that I’m developing for the paper.

Scenario map of interpreted data-centre load additions in Swedish bidding zones

Open PDF version

Project Developer Zone Type Status Reported MW Est. IT load MW Est. grid load MW Est. TWh/year PUE Load factor Expected operation Notes
## Capacity interpretation and derived load estimates Capacity figures reported for data center projects are heterogeneous. A reported MW value may refer to name-plate grid capacity, IT load, an incremental expansion, full campus build-out potential or backup generation capacity. These concepts are not equivalent, requiring a layer of assumptions and interpretation to applied for comparability. The tracker therefore separates the reported capacity value from its interpreted `capacity_basis`. The reported value is stored as `reported_capacity_mw` in the capacity data. The harmonized estimates shown in the table are taken from the processed capacity dataset: 
reported_capacity_mw
interpreted_it_load_mw
interpreted_grid_load_mw
pue
load_factor
For entries interpreted as data center IT or site load, the processed dataset translates reported capacity into estimated grid load using the assigned PUE assumption which is specific for data center type. Annual electricity use is then estimated from the interpreted grid load and the assigned load factor: 
estimated TWh/year = interpreted_grid_load_mw × load_factor × 8,760 / 1,000
Backup power permits and reactor capacity entries are not treated as data center grid load unless a separate IT load, site load, or grid-connection capacity is reported. This is why some projects may show a reported capacity but no estimated grid load. The assumptions follow the standard data center energy accounting distinction between IT equipment energy and total facility energy. Shehabi et al. (2016) use Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) to translate IT equipment energy into total data center energy and report typical PUE values of 1.2 for hyperscale facilities, 1.7 for high-end data centers, 1.9 for mid-tier data centers, 2.0 for localized data centers and 2.5 for server rooms. The assumptions file used for this tracker applies PUE and load-factor values by broad project type, including hyperscale, AI/HPC and colocation categories.